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THE H AMPTON 

NORMAL AND 

AGRICULTURAL 

INSTITUTE 



AND ITS WORK FOP 

NEGRO AND J?*; 
INDL\N YOUTH 



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Hampton Normal and Agricultural 



Institute 



AND ITS WORK FOR 



N^eo*ro and Indian Youth 



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1898 



Printed by Students 

00 tbe 

Institute Press 



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KKW YOkfc PUBt;. Z*IBiL 
in BXCKANOIB. 



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BOARD OF TRUSTEES. 

Mr. Robert C. Ogden. President, 

firm of John Wanoinaker, New York, 

Rev. M. E. Strieby, D. D . First Vice President, 

Afjierican Missionary Association, Bible House, NewYtrk, 

Hon. R. W. Hughes, Seco?id Vice President, 

U. S. District Court, A^orfolk, Virginia. 

Rev. H. B. Frissell, D. D., Secretary, 

Ha 7npt07i , Vi rgin ia . 

Mr. George Foster 'PEABODY\;,:^^asur'^r, 

27 dr' 29 Pine Street, New York, 

Mr. Charles L. Mead, 

29 Chambers Street, Neiv York. 

Rev. Alexander McKenzie, D. D., 

Cambridge, Massachusetts, 

Col. Thomas Tabb. 

Ha mpton , Virgin ia . 

Rev. Charles H. Parkhurst, D. D., 

133 J^- 35^-^^ Street, New York 

Rt. Rev. W. N. McVickar. D. D., 

Providence, Rhode Island, 

Prof. Francls G. Peabody, 

Ca nibridge, Massachusetts 

Mf. Collis P. Huntington, 

Mills Building, 23 Broad Street, New lork, 



Rev. D. H. Greer, D. D., 

342 Madison Avenue, N'eiv York, 

Mr. Charles. E. Bigelow. 

91 Chambers Street, New York, 

Mr. Arthur Curtiss James, 

II Cliff Street, Neiv York. 

Col. Henry T. Russell, 

JSniton, Massachussetts 

Wm Jay Schieffelin, Ph. D., 

170 Williatn Street, N^exv York 



INVESTMENT COMMITTEE, 

Robert C. Ogden, Chatmian. 
George Foster Peabody, 
Charles E. Bigelow. 
Arthur Curtiss Jamfs. 
Charles L. Mead. 



Cbe Rampton ]Sormat and Hgricultural Institute 

Rev. H. B. FRISSELL, D. D. Rev. H. B. TURNER, 

HriQcipal. Cbaplain. 

GEORGE FOSTER PEABODY, J. J, WILSON, 

Treasurer, new york. Ass't. Treas. at hampton. 



Beginning in 1868 with two teachers and fifteen stu- 

Its Growth dents in the old barracks left by 

4onQ ^^^ Civil War, the Hampton School 

I060 — lo!70 1 4.-] 4. J.^ u • • 

has grown, until at the beginning 

of the present year there were on the grounds looi stu- 
ents; of these 135 are Indians representing ten states and 
territories; 361 are children coming from the immediate 
neighborhood, who are instructed in the Whittier Primary 
School. There are 630 boarders — 383 boys and 247 girls. 
Of the eighty officers, teachers and assistants about one 
half are in the industrial department. 

Instead of the old barracks, there are now over 
fifty-five buildings including, dormitories, academic and 
science buildings, a large trade school, domestic science 
and agricultural buildings, a beautiful church, a large 
saw mill and shops where students help to earn their 
board and clothes and receive instruction in blacksmithing, 
wheelwrighting, painting, house building, cabinet making, 
upholstery, shoemaking, tailoring, harness-making, print- 
ing and engineering. Two large farms with greenhouses, 
barns, and experiment stations give employment to stu- 



dents and instruction in agriculture. The laundry, din- 
ing rooms, kitchens and sewing rooms give employment 
to the girls and in them they receive instruction in sewing, 
dressmaking, laundering, and other branches which fit 
them to instruct their people in these lines. All the 
domestic work of the place is performed by the students. 
The average age of the pupils is nineteen years. 
In 1870, this institution was chartered by special act of 
Conti*r>l ^^^^ General Assembly of Virginia. 

It is not owned or controlled by 
state or government but by a Board of seventeen Trustees, 
representing different sections of the country and six re- 
ligious denominations, no one of which has a majority. 
The more important matters of finance are referred to 
the Executive Committee of the Board, and all endowment 
funds are cared for by the Endowment Committee in 
New York City. All moneys for legacies are placed 

in the endowment, or, in rare cases, when unrestricted, 
used for permanent improvements. A Board of Curators 
is appointed by the Governor of Virginia to report to the 
State on the use of $10,000, interest on one third of the 
Land Scrip Fund of Virginia, appropriated to the school 
toward the agricultural and military training of its 
students. 

Twenty-five years ago the imperative need of the Negro 

^1 A ' was teachers in the country public 

schools of the South, who could show 

the people by example, as well as by precept, how to 

live, how to get land and build decent houses. This 




HAMPTON INSTITUTE 1868. 











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HAMPTOM INSTITUTE 1 898. 



need still remains, but, with the improvement of the color- 
ed race, more thoroughly equipped teachers are necessary^ 
not only for the public schools, but for the work shops,, 
and for the industrial and agricultural schools that have 
started up all through the South and among the Indians 
of the West. To meet this need Hampton provides an 
Academic Department with a corps of able teachers, most- 
. . , ly graduates of normal schools and 

colleges, who give thorough in- 
struction in the English branches. Beside this, manual 
training is given to the boys, and sewing, cooking and bench 
work to the girls. Those of the boys who show aptitude 
for trades in the manual training classes can receive 
^ ^ thorough instruction in the Trade 

iraoes School, a building costing $50,000 

and especially adapted to the work. Competent instruc- 
tion in carpentry, wood turning, cabinet making, brick-lay- 
ing, plastering, wheelwrighting, blacksmithing, painting, 
machine work and mechanical drawing carry students 
through a systematic course in their different departments, 
fitting them to be teachers of trades. Chance is also 
given to do actual work in the sixteen productive indus- 
tries on the school grounds. 

Those of the girls who wish trades can be admitted 

into the Domestic Science depart- 
Domestic Science ment where they are fitted to be 

teachers of sewing, cooking, and 
laundering, with an opportunity to do actual work in the 
school's laundry and kitchen. 



All students of the school receive instraction in agriculture, 
. , . but those who wish to devote them- 

^ selves especially to it can receive 

special instruction in the Agricultural department, with ex- 
periments in the laboratory and practical work upon the 
school's two farms. 

Those who wish to fit themselves to become teachers in the 
_^ . public schools, after graduation from 

the Academic department, enter the 
Normal department, where they receive instruction in meth- 
ods of teaching and have practice in the Whittier School^ 
in which there are over three hundred children, with kin- 
dergarten and classes in cooking, gymnastics, sloyd, and the 
English branches. 

The boys are formed into a battalion under the Comman- 
dant of Cadets, a graduate of the 
Discipline school, from whom they receive 

military drill and gymnastic training. 
A United States officer from Fort Monroe assists in this 
work. The care of persons, quarters, and grounds are 

largely under the care of the officers of the school battalion. 
The girls are similarly organized under their matrons 
and are instructed in habits and manners. 
The school is non-sectarian but earnestly Christian. 
Mofal and Careful instruction in the Bible is 

given by teachers representing- 
Religious different denominations. The 

Chaplain is assisted by the clergymen of Hampton in the 
religious work of the school. 



lO 



Six thousand young people of the Negro and Indian races 

have had the advantages of the 
Results school's training and gone out as 

teachers, farmers, and business men, 
to-lift their people to a higher level. Nearly i,ooo have 
graduated from the school's Academic department and of 
these 90 per cent, have become teachers. The great ma- 
jority have gone into the public schools. Whole counties 
have been transformed by their work. Homes, churches, 
and schools have been built, land purchased, and the 
morals of the community improved. 

Booker T, Washington, a graduate of Hampton, 
founded the Tuskegee School in Alabama, and over forty 
other graduates have gone to help him in his work. 
Schools at Calhoun and Mt. Meigs, Alabama, Kittrell, 
North Carolina, Lawrenceville and Gloucester, Virginia, are 
established on the Hampton pla'n and carried on by gradu- 
ates of the school. Under the teachers who have gone 
out from Hampton and its offshoots more than 150,000 
children have received instruction. Of the 500 In- 
dians who have been trained at Hampton, 87 per cent are 
engaged as teachers, farmers, missionaries and in other 
regular occupations. Twenty years ago, Capt. Pratt 

brought fifteen prisoners of war 

Admission of from Fort Marion, St. Augus- 

Indians tine, to Hampton and remained 

there one year bringing in the 
meantime other Indians from the West. So successful 
was that first experiment in industrial education that 



1 1 



Carlisle School was established and now hundreds of 
thousands of dollars, which were formerly devoted to 
fighting the Indians, are given by the government to train- 
ing their children in industrial schools. 

Hampton has given an impetus to industrial education 
among the Negroes which is felt in every state of the South. 
But 75 per cent of the race still live in one-room cabins on 
rented land, in ignorance and poverty. Teachers of agri- 
culture and home builders are needed. 

There is danger that the blacks will lose the trades, 
which were their best heritage from slavery, unless indus- 
trial education is pushed. Well trained young women must 
p"o out to reconstruct the homes. 

The school now has a property worth over $600,000, free 

from debt, and an endowment fund 
Finances of over a half million. It receives aid 

through the state of Virginia for 
its agricultural woik and from the general government to- 
ward the board and clothes of Indians, but it. is obliged 
to appeal to the public for ^80.000 a year. 

The Slater Fund Board makes a generous yearly 
appropriation toward its trade school work, and help is 
received from the Peabody Fund, but the school depends 
for the large part of its yearly expenses upon charitable 
contributions. 

Our colored students come largely from the country 
districts where many of them have struggled to help their 
parents to purchase the little homes in which they live. 

tOfC, 



12 



They must have a chance to earn a large part of their 
board and clothes for they can furnish but little money. 
To provide them with work is expensive but vastly better 
than to give them direct aid. 

The tuition of $70, which provides the salaries of 
their academic, trade, and agriculturul instructors, must 
be provided by northern friends. 

The board and clothes of our Indian pupils are pro- 
vided by an annual appropriation of Congress, but $70 
scholarships are asked to provide their tuition. 
Scholarship letters are written by those receiving aid to 

those who give it and thus a per- 
Schoiarship sonal relation is established which 

Letters is often of comfort and help to the 

donor and recipient. Every ef- 

fort is made to keep from pauperizing students. The 
$70 scholarship provides for these students no more than 
is given by endowments to the sons of the wealthy in 
northern colleges. 

The North and South are working together for the 
Negro for whose education the latter has given in taxation 
since 1870, mostly from the whites, about sixty millions of 
dollars, and the former in donations about twenty millions. 
About a million a year now comes from the North and 
over three millions yearly from the southern states for 
Negro schools. The South supports the free schools; 
the North maintains institutions for providing them with 
teachers. 



14 

$37)Ooo have been raised for the erection of the Arm- 
J.J J strong and Slater Memorial Trade 

School building where 80 stu- 
dents are learning trades. $14,000 are asked for its com- 
pletion and equipment. 

More domitories are needed for our increased num- 
ber of students. 

Our library and library building must be enlarged. 
Good books for our travelling libraries to send to graduate 
teachers in the country districts are of great service. 

The school's printing press has been in constant use 
for more than twelve years. A new one must soon take 
its place. 

The Southern Workman, a twenty page paper, is printed 
monthly by the students on the School press and con- 
tains valuable information in regard to Negroes and In- 
dians. Subscription price, $1.00 a year. 

Gen. Armstrong, the founder and for twenty-five years 

the principal of the school, gave 

Gen* Armstrongs his life to it. In a memorandum 

Message found with his will occur these 

words, ''Hampton must not go 

down. See to it you who are true to the black and red 

children of the land and to just ideas of education." 



15 

Gifts may be sent by check on any bank, by registered 

letter or postal order to J. J. Wilson, Assistant Treasurer, 

Hampton, Virginia, or to the undersigned. 

H. B. Frissell, 

Principal, 
Hampton, Va., 

January, 20, 1898. 



FORM OF BEQUEST 

I give and devise to the Trustees of the Hampton 
Normal and Agricultural Institute at Hampton, Virginia, 
the sum of .dollars payable, &c., &c. 



I. VM. 1-98. 




MapofHamptoaN»"<'A In6titute 




552 








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